What is Georgia?
Georgia is a country located at the intersection of Europe and Asia, in the Caucasus region. Bordered by Russia to the north, Azerbaijan to the southeast, Armenia to the south, and Turkey to the southwest, Georgia has a rich history, culture, and tradition. The country is known for its diverse landscapes, ranging from the Black Sea coastline to mountainous regions.
Administrative Divisions
Georgia is divided into 9 regions (republics and autonomous regions), and 2 autonomous republics:
- Tbilisi (Capital)
- Adjara
- Abkhazia (partially recognized)
- Guria
- Imereti
- Kakheti
- Kvemo Kartli
- Mtskheta-Mtianeti
- Samtskhe-Javakheti
Currency Details
- Currency Name: Georgian Lari (GEL)
- Symbol: ₾
- Subunit: Tetri (1 GEL = 100 tetri)
- Central Bank: National Bank of Georgia
Type of Government
Georgia operates as a unitary parliamentary republic. The country has a multi-party system with the Prime Minister serving as the head of government and the President acting as the head of state.
Detailed Hierarchy of Government Roles
Executive Branch Hierarchy
| Position | Role Description | Power & Responsibilities |
|---|---|---|
| President | Head of State | Represents the country internationally, holds limited executive powers. |
| Prime Minister | Head of Government | Manages day-to-day governance, appointed by the President. |
| Ministers | Heads of various ministries | Lead ministries such as Finance, Foreign Affairs, and Defense. |
| Deputy Ministers | Assist Ministers | Support ministers in implementing policies and managing affairs. |
Legislative Branch Hierarchy
| Position | Role Description | Power & Responsibilities |
|---|---|---|
| Parliament | Unicameral legislature | Passes laws, approves the budget, and oversees the executive branch. |
| Chairman of Parliament | Presides over the Parliament | Leads sessions, ensures legislative order, and represents Parliament internationally. |
| Deputies | Elected members of the Parliament | Represent constituencies, propose and vote on laws. |
Judicial Branch Hierarchy
| Position | Role Description | Power & Responsibilities |
|---|---|---|
| Supreme Court | Highest judicial authority | Ensures uniform application of laws across the country. |
| Court of Appeals | Handles appeals of lower court decisions | Reviews cases and ensures legal fairness. |
| District Courts | Handle primary civil and criminal cases | Focus on first-instance cases across Georgia. |
| Judicial Council | Manages and oversees the judicial system | Ensures the independence of the judiciary and its integrity. |
International Memberships
- United Nations (UN)
- Council of Europe
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- NATO Partnership
- European Union Eastern Partnership
Military Structure
- Branches: Georgian Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force)
- Conscription: Georgia has compulsory military service for males aged 18-27.
- Special Forces: Georgia has specialized units like the Special Operations Forces.
Secret Agencies
- State Security Service of Georgia (SSSG): Handles national security and counterintelligence.
- Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA): Manages law enforcement and domestic intelligence operations.
Stock Markets
- Stock Exchange: Georgian Stock Exchange
- Key Index: Georgian Stock Market Index (GSMI)
- Analyzed by: Economists, market analysts, and financial consultants.
Emergency Numbers
- General Emergency: 112
- Police: 112
- Fire: 112
- Medical Emergency: 112
- Tourist Information: Available at major tourism offices in cities like Tbilisi.
SWOT Analysis of Georgia
Strengths
- Strategic location between Europe and Asia.
- Rich cultural heritage and tourism potential.
- Emerging economy with a focus on innovation and agriculture.
Weaknesses
- Political instability and regional conflicts (e.g., with Russia).
- Reliance on energy imports.
Opportunities
- Expansion of trade with the European Union and neighboring countries.
- Growth in the renewable energy sector.
Threats
- Political and military tensions with Russia.
- Vulnerability to economic shocks due to dependence on external trade.
Additional Information
- Official Language: Georgian
- Time Zone: Georgia Standard Time (GET, UTC +4)
- National Anthem: “Tavisupleba”
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